It is driven by an electric motor to rotate the impeller at high speed, causing the liquid to generate centrifugal force.
The liquid is then thrown into the side channel and discharged outside the pump or into the next stage impeller under the action of centrifugal force, thereby reducing the pressure at the inlet of the impeller and forming a pressure difference with the pressure acting on the suction liquid.
The pressure difference acts inside the liquid suction pump, and due to the continuous rotation of the centrifugal pump, the liquid is continuously sucked in or discharged.
The working process of centrifugal pump
1. Preparation before starting: Before starting the centrifugal pump, it is necessary to ensure that the pump casing and suction pipe are filled with liquid. This is because if the pump casing is filled with air, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the impeller is small, which cannot form a sufficient low-pressure zone to suck in liquid, resulting in the pump being unable to work.
2. Startup process: Start the motor, and the impeller rotates at high speed under the drive of the motor. Under the centrifugal action of the impeller, the liquid is thrown towards the outer edge of the impeller and flows into the pressurized water pipeline through the flow channel of the volute pump casing.
3. Energy conversion: During the process of liquid flowing through the impeller, both velocity energy and pressure energy are increased. After the liquid enters the pump casing, due to the gradual expansion of the flow channel, some of the kinetic energy is converted into static pressure energy, and finally flows into the discharge pipeline from the discharge port with a higher static pressure strength.
4. Continuous operation: Due to the continuous rotation of the impeller, the liquid forms a low-pressure zone at the center of the impeller. The liquid in the suction pipeline enters the impeller under the pressure difference, forming a continuous liquid transportation process.
Structure of centrifugal pump
Centrifugal pumps are mainly composed of the following parts:
Impeller: The impeller is the core component of a centrifugal pump, responsible for converting electrical energy into kinetic energy of the liquid. The high-speed rotation of the impeller generates centrifugal force, allowing the liquid to gain energy and be ejected.
Pump shaft: The pump shaft is used to transmit the torque of the electric motor and drive the impeller to rotate.
Pump casing: The pump casing includes a suction chamber and a discharge chamber (volute). The suction chamber is used to introduce liquid into the impeller, and the discharge chamber is used to collect and deliver the liquid.
Sealing packing: used to prevent liquid leakage.
Other components, such as axial force balancing devices, supports, etc., are used to balance the axial force generated by the impeller and support the entire pump body.
Through the collaborative work of these components, centrifugal pumps can achieve continuous transportation of liquids.
